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Monday, 27 October 2025

選擇耶穌 Opt For Jesus

《論盡神學》--每日神糧
十月廿七日

會堂長因氣惱耶穌在安息日治病,便給眾人說道:「有六天應該工作,你們在這些日子裡可來治病,但不可以在安息日這一天。
路13:14

其實做「假善人」(路13:15)是十分吃力的,我們對他們的辛苦,應該感同身受,引以為戒;並且耐心地以愛德感化他們。按上文可知,耶穌已經有「成千累萬的群眾」想追隨祂(12:1)。所以耶穌在安息日到了這座會堂施教(13:10),會堂長當然求之不得,引以為榮!豈料慈悲的主竟然在安息日治好那個傴僂病婦,會堂長如何是好?

作為會堂長,他一定是個擁護梅瑟法律的人,亦對「妥拉 Torah」,即《梅瑟五書》有相當造詣。遵照《妥拉》的指示,應該處死在安息日工作的人(出31:14-15)。當時是羅馬帝國時代,猶太人不能濫用私刑,而且耶穌是個有群眾、有權威的「辣彼Rabbi」,小小一個會堂長,奈耶穌何!他真是進退兩難,既要維護梅瑟法律,又不敢當眾批評耶穌在安息日在他的會堂治病。他惟有向會堂裡的人說:「有六天應該工作,你們在這些日子裡可來治病,但不可以在安息日這一天」(路13:14)。倘若會眾在可以工作的六天來求醫,親愛的會堂長,沒有耶穌,你能治好他們嗎?到時辛苦你了!在安息日,倘若耶穌在其他會堂治病,你會「氣惱」嗎?很可你會鬆一口氣,所謂「各家自掃門前雪,休管其他會堂瓦上霜」!那麼,作為一個真正的基督徒,我們寧願無風無浪安穩地生活,還是榮幸地接待耶穌呢?

親愛的兄弟姊妹!我們所相信的天主,是個高深莫測的天主,不是我們所能駕馭的天主。做基督徒固然不會無災無難,而且隨時會有意想不到的驚喜,我們準備好了嗎?慈悲的主曾說:「你們常有窮人和你們在一起;至於我,你們卻不常有」(若12:8)!亞孟。
天主保祐!

論盡神學
圖片鳴謝:grok.com


But the leader of the synagogue, indignant that Jesus had cured on the Sabbath, said to the crowd in reply: There are six days when work should be done. Come on those days to be cured, not on the Sabbath day.
(Luke 13:14)

It is rather exhausting to be hypocrites (Luke 13:15). We should show them empathy and avoid making their mistakes. Moreover, we should patiently liberate them with charity. From previous passages, we know that crowds in thousands were already following Jesus (12:1). The leader of the synagogue was greatly honoured to have Jesus preaching in his synagogue on Sabbath (13:10). Unexpectedly, the merciful Lord cured a crippled woman on Sabbath in his synagogue. What could the leader do?

As the leader of a synagogue, he should uphold the laws of Moses and be familiar with the Torah which stipulates that if anyone does work on Sabbath, that person must be put to death (Exodus 31:14-15). It was the era of the Roman Empire. Jews were forbidden to resort to lynching. In particular, Jesus was an authoritative Rabbi with thousands of followers. What could the leader of a little synagogue do to Jesus? He was in a dilemma. On one hand, he must uphold Mosaic Law. On the other, he dared not to criticize Jesus publicly to cure in his synagogue on Sabbath. He could only speak indignantly to the congregation and not to Jesus, “There are six days when work should be done. Come on those days to be cured, not on the Sabbath day” (Luke 13:14). If the congregation came on the six days when work was allowed, dear leader of the synagogue, were you able to cure without Jesus? On Sabbath, had Jesus cured in other synagogues, would you have been as indignant? Perhaps you would be relieved because it was none of your business! Then, as genuine Christians, would you prefer a stable life without winds and waves to being honoured in the presence of Jesus?

Beloved brethren! The God we believe in is unfathomable and uncontrollable. Of course being Christians are not exempted from disasters and persecutions, what’s more, God has in store a lot of surprises for us. Are we ready? The merciful Lord once says, “You always have the poor with you, but you do not always have me” (John 12:8). Amen.
God bless!

Sunday, 26 October 2025

高處不勝寒 Altitude Instills Chill

常年期第三十主日,丙年
主題:高處不勝寒 Altitude Instills Chill

中秋節」帶給國人很多感受,所以古代的詩人墨客,寫下豐富的詩詞,成為中華文化遺產的一部份。這些詩詞不但寫景,亦借題發揮寫情。當中除了掛念親友之外,亦有抒發心中鬰悶,懷才不遇的感慨。這些中秋詩詞之中,最為人所樂道的,莫過於北宋蘇軾寫的「但願人長久,千里共嬋娟」了。當時,蘇軾因為反對王安石的變法而被宋神宗貶往黃州。悉逢中秋節,他想念起分隔了五年的弟弟蘇轍,並且自己在宦途上的失意,便寫了這首經典,在坊間傳頌一時。傳說宋神宗聽到其中一句:「我欲乘風歸去,又恐瓊樓玉宇,高處不勝寒」,便嘆息說:「蘇軾終是愛君」,於是下令把他調往汝州云云。

在高的地方停留,無論是崇山峻嶺,還是摩天大廈,總會給人一份「寒意」,一份「心寒」,讓人產生不同的情緒:有人會恐懼、疑慮或者奈何的感覺。但很奇怪,人類偏偏喜歡向上爬,喜歡騎在別人頭上!難道「高高在上」的人,沒有半點「不寒而慄」的感覺嗎?武俠小說中的人物,不斷勾心鬥角,爭奪「武林盟主」的寶座,號令天下;練得武功蓋世的人,總是浪漫地稱為「獨孤求敗」!其實當你位高權重時,你難逃孤獨的命運。你不能與下屬交心,不能對人講真心說話,怕被出賣,怕被扯下台!孤獨真是非常「寒冷」的嗎?《但丁神曲》之「地獄」篇,把這份「寒意」表達到淋漓盡致。我們一向以為地獄裡火光熊熊(谷9:43),可是在但丁版的地獄最深之處,充滿野心的撒殫,是被孤獨地鎖在寒冰層中。

難道做人有上進心,向上爬是錯的嗎?其實,「上進心」也有「為己」與「為人」之分。儒家思想把這個分別形像化成為「君子」與「小人」的分別。例如,孔子教導說:「君子喻於義,小人喻於利」(論語‧里仁)。意思是君子重視公義和對社會國家長遠的整體公益,小人則著眼於當前短線的利益;又說:「君子成人之美,不成人之惡。小人反是」(論語‧顏淵)。這些敘述說明「君子」著眼在整體的利益之上,而「小人」則著眼在個人榮辱之上。還有一句更精彩,倘若工程出了錯,發展項目失敗了,負責人應該有甚麼反應呢?子曰:「君子求諸己,小人求諸人」(論語‧衛靈公)。意思是有「君子」素養的負責人會作出自我檢討,並且樂意引咎辭職;而「小人」卻忙著找代罪羔羊,自己繼續努力向上爬!

主耶穌在今天的福音選段,就是想勸誡這些「小人」,這些「自充為義人,而輕視他人的人」(路18:9),回頭悔改。雖然「法利塞人」一詞在西方的語境,已成為了「偽善者」的代名詞。但古今中外,「法利塞人」何其多!每個人心底的陰暗處,都潛藏著一個「法利塞人 」!所以耶穌基督今天說的比喻,不單祇為法利塞人說的,更加是為每一個信徒說的。首先,這個法利塞人不是一個窮凶極惡的大罪人,而是一個懷有感恩之心的人!且看,他在開始祈禱的時候便感謝天主(18:11)。兩個主日前,我在講道中解釋了「感恩」滋潤「信德」,有感恩之心的人一定會培養出強大的信德。所以這個法利塞人的信德真大!如果他入地獄,一定不是因為缺乏信德,而是望德或愛德上的缺失!雅各伯宗徒說得好:「你信只有一個天主嗎!你信得對,連魔鬼也信,且怕得打顫」(雅2:19)!很明顯,只有信德不足以得救!

那麼,這個法利塞人錯在那裡呢?他錯在自以為是,目中無人。看他如何與犯誡命的罪人劃清界線,列舉他們的錯處。我們姑且相信他沒有犯十誡,即使他真是手潔心清,也沒有資格批評別人!是誰立他為審判近人的判官呢(出2:14)?為甚麼他要抬舉自己呢?因為他的自我形像低,所以想盡辦法在人前,抬舉自己。即使是伯多祿也犯過上述的毛病,在最後晚餐時,當耶穌透露門徒們將要為了自保而逃散時,伯多祿對耶穌說:「即便眾人都要跌倒,我卻不然」(谷14:29)。再看比喻中的法利塞人,他可以炫耀的,只是所有猶太人都應該做的十一奉獻,和每星期的雙倍禁食。天主看在眼裡,這些都是微不足道的小事而已。達味說得好,因為一切是由天主而來,我們只不過接過天主所賞賜給我們的,再奉獻給天主,根本沒有甚麼值得誇耀的地方(編上29:14)。

親愛的兄弟姊妹!我肯定天主喜歡我們有上進心,祂不會介意我們向上爬。但祂希望我們是為公義、為公益、為家庭、為社會、為國家與及全人類的利益而發奮。當我們有悲天憫人之心,便不會有「高處不勝寒」的孤獨感覺。因為自我形像低便踐踏別人來高舉自己,是個可憐的抉擇!倒不如「成人之美」,扶助他人長進,造就他人。當四周的人都因你而成聖,你自然會「水漲船高」,神聖起來,何樂而不為呢?試想想,當大家到酒樓出席堂慶聚餐,一起做飯前祈禱,何其自然。請問當你一個人在快餐店食早餐的時候,你仍能公然劃十字,唸飯前經嗎?相信大家對傳福音的重要性,已經心領神會了!大家有能力做「希望的朝聖者」,把希望感染其他人了。亞孟。
天主保祐!


2019年反省
圖片鳴謝:grok.com, creator.nightcafe.studio/

不信天主不會下地獄 Atheists Won't Go To Hell

《論盡神學》--每日神糧
十月廿六日

那個法利塞人立著,心裡這樣祈禱:天主,我感謝你,因為我不像其他的人,勒索、不義、奸淫,也不像這個稅吏。
路18:11

今天的福音告訴我們,耶穌基督的確是「善牧」,對亡羊不離不棄(路15:4)。今天所讀的福音,耶穌一再為「偽善者」講比喻(18:9),苦口婆心地勸導他們悔改。雖然法利塞人是偽善者中的表表者,但世上偽善者何其多,俯拾皆是!

首先,我們假設比喻中的法利塞人,在祈禱的時候沒有撒謊。諒他也不敢,因為即使他能瞞騙蒼生,也決不能逃過天主的法眼,所以可以肯定他的祈禱是真心的。這個法利塞人並非一無是處,無可藥救。且看在祈禱開始的時候,他懂得感謝天主。要知道擁有感恩之心,可以保證一個人不會喪失信德。倘若在末日他被判下地獄,一定是因為其他的罪過,而不是因為他不相信天主!

其次,這個法利塞人的毛病在哪?就是他為了抬舉自己而踐踏別人!他不像其餘犯誡命的罪人,尤其是不像那些替羅馬人迫害同胞的稅吏,他們甘心為虎作倀,從中取利,願天主懲罰他們…比喻中的他,借用其他罪人來襯托自己在道德高位,再看到他在天主前列舉自己所做過沽名釣譽的「善行」(18:12),真是愚不可及,班門弄斧!試問這些微不足道的雙倍齋戒和十一奉獻,在天主前能算甚麼?達味說:「我算甚麼?…其實一切是由祢而來,我們只是將由祢手中得來的,再奉獻給祢」(編上29:14)!這個法利塞人的驕傲,也只是「七罪宗」之一。他是陷於誘惑,只要他能懸崖勒馬,便不會犯下大罪而下地獄了。

但不要小覷惡小而為之,因為驕傲會發展到目中無人,看不見貧困者的需要,不去做愛德服務。偽善者不愛弱小的「天主肖像」(瑪25:40),便會發展到不再愛天主,這纔是下地獄的死罪啊!
天主保祐!

論盡神學
圖片鳴謝:grok.com


The Pharisee took up his position and spoke this prayer to himself: O God, I thank you that I am not like the rest of humanity --- greedy, dishonest, adulterous --- or even like this tax collector.
(Luke 18:11)

The gospel passage today tells us that Jesus Christ is truly the “Good Shepherd” who doesn’t give up on the lost sheep (Luke 15:4). He repeatedly “addressed parables to those who were convinced of their own righteousness and despised everyone else” (18:9), hoping that they would repent. Though “Pharisees” has become synonymous with “hypocrites” who are always there wherever we set our sight on!

Firstly, let us assume that the Pharisee in the parable does not tell lies in his prayers. He does not dare to because even if he is able to cheat everyone, he is unable to cheat God. So, we can be certain that his prayer is genuine. This Pharisee is not irredeemable. In the beginning of his prayer, he thanks God! Remember that a person will never lose his faith if he has a grateful heart. If he were sent to hell at the end of the world, he must have committed sins other than not believing in God!

Then, what is the fault of this Pharisee? He exalts himself by trampling on the others! Unlike the rest who breach the commandments of God, in particular, those tax collectors who work for the Romans to maltreat fellow Jews and gain benefits. May God punish them … In the parable, he makes use of other sinners to exalt himself to moral heights. Moreover, his enumeration of his fame-seeking merits (18:12) before God is truly stupid! How much do these double weekly fastings and tithes count? King David says, “Who am I? … For everything is from you, and what we give is what we have from you” (1 Chronicles 29:14)! Pride is the sin of this Pharisee and is a deadly one. He is in temptation. Pray that he is able to arrest his fall lest he ends up in hell with worse sins.

Don’t commit sins because they are venial. It is because pride will blind us to seeing the needs of the poor and we shall neglect charity. Hypocrites who do not love the images of God in poverty (Matthew 25:40) will become blind to God. This is the mortal sin that send them into hell!
God bless!

Saturday, 25 October 2025

天主的全副武裝 The Amour Of God

《論盡神學》--每日神糧
十月廿五日

不是的,我告訴你們:如果你們不悔改,你們都要同樣喪亡。
路13:3; 5

保祿宗徒告訴我們,作為基督徒是榮幸的。因為我們都是「天主所鍾愛,並蒙召為聖徒的人」(羅1:7; 格前1:2)。天主教有很多優良的教義,幫助教友修德成聖。例如領「修和聖事」有五個階段:省察、痛悔、定改、告明和補贖。當我們認真地經歷這五個階段時,我們在不知不覺之中,更親近了使我們成義、成聖的天主。在「省察」階段,我們可以按「聖教四規」、「十誡」、「七罪宗」和「真福八端」等等,檢討自己對天主、對人、對自己和對受造界做了虧欠的事;或應做未做的事。認識清楚這些「過失」,我們對自己更加了解;然後進入「痛悔」階段…等等。為我們這些凡夫俗子,即使未能高攀成聖,最低限度也不至於喪亡吧!

可惜,基督徒的人生,是一場曠日持久、與撒殫對決的靈性戰爭。而且這場戰爭,並沒有速戰速決的捷徑!我們會失守、會戰敗、會受傷,會飢寒交迫。所以我們必須穿上天主的全副武裝(弗6:13-18),投入這場戰鬥。但我們始終被「原罪」傷害過,以致「先天不足」。我們可能會因為重複地「告明」相同的罪,而覺得自己沒有進步,一無是處而灰心喪志,漸漸失去領修和聖事的動機,從而失去成聖的機會;我們可能介意自己在別人眼中的神聖形像和地位,為了保持這形像而疲於奔命,失去自由,最後覺得疲累不堪,萌生放棄成聖的念頭。

親愛的兄弟姊妹,可幸在這場戰爭裡,我們有很多志同道合的姊妹弟兄,在教會內互相扶持,並肩作戰,我們有主耶穌同行,並不孤獨。亞孟。
天主保祐!

論盡神學
圖片鳴謝:grok.com


By no means! But I tell you, if you do not repent, you will all perish as they did!
(Luke 13:3; 5)

Paul tells us that it is glorious to be Christians because all of us are “the beloved of God … called to be holy” (Romans 1:7; 1 Corinthians 1:2). There are a lot of good doctrines in Catholicism, facilitating the sanctification of the faithful. For example, there are 5 stages in the Sacrament of Reconciliation: viz. Examination of Conscience, Contrition, Confession, Absolution and Penance. When we go through these five stages genuinely, we get more intimate imperceptibly with the God who justifies and sanctifies. In the Examination stage, we may follow the Precepts of the Church, the Ten Commandments, the Seven Deadly Sins and the Beatitudes etc. to examine the wrongs we have done against God, others, ourselves and the Creation as well as obligations we have failed to perform. Knowing more clearly these commissions and omissions, we are able to know ourselves better. Then we enter the Contrition stage etc. For us mortals, even if we are not sanctified, at least we won’t perish!

Unfortunately, the Christian life is a long-drawn out spiritual battle against Satan. Moreover, there is no Blitzkrieg nor short-cuts to triumph. We will lose ground, be defeated, wounded, starved and frozen etc. Thus we must need to put on the armour of God to throw ourselves into this war (Ephesians 6:13-18). But we have been made deficient after sustaining the wounds of the Original Sin. After confessing the same sins repetitively for innumerable number of times and seeing no progress, we may lose heart and gradually the motivation to receive the Sacrament of Reconciliation wanes, thus losing the opportunity of sanctification. We may care too much our saintly image and status in front of the others so much so that we consume a lot of resources for maintenance, thus losing our freedom. At last, we give up the goal of sanctification out of exhaustion.

Beloved brethren! Luckily we are not alone in this spiritual warfare. There are many comrades in the Church, supporting each other, fighting this battle hand in hand with our Lord Jesus. Amen.
God bless!

Friday, 24 October 2025

在煉獄留位 Reserve A Place In Purgatory

《論盡神學》--每日神糧
十月廿四日

我告訴你:非等還清最後的一分錢,斷不能從那裡出來。
路12:59

從福音的上文下理可知,「那裡」是指監獄(路12:59)。耶穌正在教訓那些「假善人」(12:56),勸他們做「正義的事」(12:57)。甚麼是「正義的事」呢?就是快與你的「對頭」在宣佈「判決」前,與他「了結」,即還清你的欠債,免得你被判入監牢(12:58),受「牢獄」之苦來抵償罪債!

人與人之間,除了金錢之外,還有其他形式的欠債,即那些應該做而沒有做的事。即使人與人之間有親疏之別,對不同的人有不同的責任;但人人都是「天主的肖像」(創1:26),我們彼此都是「兄弟的看守者」(4:9)。所以人與人之間有一種不可推諉的守護責任,不但不可以見死不救,更應該彼此扶持建樹,使近人,尤其是不幸遇上困窘的人(路10:37),得到憐憫、解脫及發展。在中國人眼中,「成人之美」是美德。作為基督徒,這是最基本的「愛德」。所以作為說華語的基督徒,服侍貧困的人是義不容辭的!保祿說得好:「除了彼此相愛外,你們不可再欠人甚麼」(羅13:8)。我們所欠的,就是愛得不足夠!耶穌的教訓既是嚴厲的,卻是充滿著永生的希望。對於在世時愛得不足夠的人,便要到煉獄去償還所欠的愛!待還清最後一分欠債後,便可以離開煉獄,進入永生了!

在甚麼情況下,愛德不足夠呢?若望宗徒說得好:「孩子們,我們愛,不可只用言語,也不可只用口舌,而要用行動和事實」(若一3:18)。保祿宗徒更加直接,他說:「愛情不可是虛偽的」(羅12:9a)。難怪今天的福音選段,矛頭直指「假善人」(路12:56)了。倘若他們繼續自以為是,喜愛群眾的讚美,戴著假面具生活,他們在「自掘墳墓」,為自己在煉獄留位,等還清最後一分「愛德」之後,天堂再見。亞孟。
天主保祐!

論盡神學
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I say to you, you will not be released until you have paid the last penny.
(Luke 12:59)

From the context, we know that Jesus was talking about “being released from prison” (Luke 12:59). He was talking to “hypocrites” (12:56), advising them to “do the right thing” (12:57). So, what is the right thing to do? To make an effort to settle the matter on the way with your opponent, viz. to repay your debt lest you go to jail (12:58) to compensate for your debt!

In interpersonal relationships, there are other forms of debt beyond monies, viz. obligations not honoured. Though proximity results in different obligations towards different people, all of us are created in the image of God (Genesis 1:26). We are our brothers’ keepers (4:9). Thus, we owe a binding obligation towards each other. Not only should we extend a helping hand but we should also edify each other, our neighbour, in particular those in distress, so that they may receive mercy, liberation and develop. In Chinese culture, it is a virtue to help someone fulfil his wish. As Christians, extending a helping hand is a basic charity. Thus, for Chinese-speaking Christians, serving the poor is the right thing to do. Paul says well, “Owe nothing to anyone, except to love one another” (Romans 13:8). “Not loving enough” is our debt. Jesus’ teaching is both severe and hopeful. Those who have not loved sufficiently on earth should go to Purgatory to repay the debt! After paying the last penny, they will leave the Purgatory for eternal life!

Under what circumstances do we not love sufficiently? John says well, “Children, let us love not in word or speech but in deed and truth” (1 John 3:18). Paul is blunter. He says, “Let love be sincere” (Romans 12:9a). No wonder today’s gospel passage targets “hypocrites” (Luke 12:56). If they continue to be self-deceiving, enjoy praises from the crowd and live behind masks all the time, they are digging their own graves, reserving their places in the Purgatory. See you in heaven after you have paid the last penny of charity. Amen.
God bless!

Thursday, 23 October 2025

異性相吸 opposites attract

《論盡神學》--每日神糧
十月廿三日

他們將要分裂:父親反對兒子,兒子反對父親;母親反對女兒,女兒反對母親;婆母反對兒媳,兒媳反對婆母。
路12:53

在社會、政治和文化範疇內,一個群體可以是「分裂」的,相反的狀態就是「統一」。統一的群體能成就大業;四分五裂的,甚至是一盤散沙般的群體,遲早會被吞併,在歷史上消失。為了長治久安,有些掌權者不惜消耗資源,把自己所屬的群體,維持在「統一」的狀態,消耗量與「分裂」的程度成正比。四比一容易統一,三比二就難得多了!只有一小撮成員堅持與其他人不同的意見、信念和行動,要達到「統一」是不費吹灰之力的。其實「統一」與「分裂」只是程度問題,是表面的現象,是否須要消耗大量內部資源,以達到表面上的統一,表面上的劃一,則見仁見智了。

基督徒當然不會追求「分裂」,他們倡議的是「在主內共融合一」。共融合一並不要求劃一的意見和行動,只要尊重彼此的不一樣就是。彼此尊重不會做成「內耗」,何樂而不為呢?大自然亦教導我們,物種多樣性是好的,同一物種而沒有變異則容易絕種,亂倫會加劇遺傳病,是大自然的定律!惟有保持群體的多樣性,纔可以熬過不同的環境變化。那麼,對於不在主內的人,即那些未信仰、或不信仰基督的人,基督徒應該以甚麼態度對待呢?

所謂「不同道不相為謀」(論語‧衛靈公),與他們「割席」嗎?繼續保持對話嗎?很明顯,前者不可取,因為斷絕了將來合作的可能,永遠失去共融的機會。可是,繼續保持對話是雙方也願意纔可以進行,不可能是單方面自言自語的。那麼,有甚麼方法可以吸引對方,讓他們願意或者有興趣繼續交談呢?這纔是我們應該用心思考的。

主耶穌的說話(路12:53),表面上是負面的。但細心默想之後,便會發現是「同性相拒」的因素,加劇了「代溝」上的差別!試想想,通常父親疼愛女兒,母親對兒子偏心。所以,請不要灰心,能善用這些「異性相吸」的因素,繼續交談以達到共融,又有何難呢?
天主保祐!

論盡神學
圖片鳴謝:grok.com


A father will be divided against his son and a son against his father, a mother against her daughter and a daughter against her mother, a mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.
(Luke 12:53)

In social, political and cultural realms, a social entity can be divided. Its opposite is being unified. A unified social entity is capable of doing big projects while divided ones will soon or later be conquered and will vanish in human history. In order to sustain lengthy stability, some people in power are willing to pour in all resources without reservation to keep the entity in a unified state. The consumption of resources is proportional to the degree of division. Four to one is easy to unify while three to two shall be more difficult! When only a few dissidents insist on different opinions, convictions and actions, it is a piece of cake to unify. Indeed, being divided or unified is only a matter of degree and is superficial. There is no hard and fixed criterion how much resource should be consumed to keep a unified look.

Of course Christians do not seek division. They advocate the “communion in the Lord”. Communion does not demand uniform opinions and actions. It only requires all parties to respect individual differences. Mutual respect does not consume resources. So why not? Mother Nature teaches us that bio-diversity is good. A species without any mutation will go extinct easily and incest will augment hereditary diseases etc. This is the law of nature! Only by maintaining diversity within a social entity can they survive environmental changes. Then, how should Christians deal with those who are not in the Lord, viz. those who don’t believe in Christ or have not yet believed in Christ?

Confucius says, “Those whose courses are different cannot lay plans for one another” (Wei Ling Gong, The Analects). Then, shall we severe ties with them? Or should we continue dialogues? Obviously the former is not a good option because it severs future cooperation and we will lose all opportunities of communion. However, keeping dialogues is a mutual effort. Otherwise it will only be a monologue. Then we should think more deeply what attracts the other parties to continue the dialogues.

Superficially, the words of Lord Jesus (Luke 12:53) is negative. But when we meditate more, we will discover that the principle of “like repels like” amplifies the differences in generation gaps! Think about it, usually fathers are lenient to daughters and mothers show favouritism towards sons. Thus, cheers! It won’t be difficult to make good use of the principle of “opposites attract” to continue dialogues until we attain communion.
God bless!

Sunday, 19 October 2025

願你們平安 Peace Be With You

傳教節,丙年
主題:願你們平安 Peace Be With You

今年傳教節的主題是『願你們平安』,是耶穌復活後顯現給宗徒們的第一句說話(瑪28:9; 路24:36; 若20:19)。這句祝福和傳教有甚麼關係呢?若望福音繼續說:「就如父派遣了我,我也同樣派遣你們」(20:21b)。耶穌基督其實重複一次祂在最後晚餐時所說的話,就是剛纔所聽到的福音片段:「就如祢派遣我到世界上來,照樣我也派遣他們到世界上去」(17:18)。現在讓我默想「平安」與「傳福音」的關係。

平安」一詞在【新約】一共出現過69次。而【新約】的27本書中,只有在《若望一書》找不到「平安」一詞。可見「平安」是基督信仰的重要環節,例如在「聖神九果」之中,「平安」排第三位(迦5:22)!「平安」一詞可以指內心沒有遺憾或者心安理得等等;亦可以表示外在的安全和穩定。【新約】成書在羅馬帝國時代,基督信徒在當時只是一小撮無權無勢的人,容易成為「代罪羔羊」,經常遭受迫害!保祿宗徒是羅馬公民,在法律面前享有特殊的保障。所以他寫信給弟茂德時說:「為眾君王和一切有權位的人〔祈禱〕,為叫我們…度寧靜平安的生活」(弟前2:2)。暗示了基督徒生活在困難和迫害中,但保祿對羅馬法律是有信心和樂觀的。伯多祿是猶太人,在羅馬法律面前毫無保障,他早已作出最壞的打算。所以在他的書信中,並不奢望享有外在的平安。在勉勵信徒時,他只有寫:「你們要為主的緣故…服從帝王…總督…因為這原是天主的旨意:要你們行善,使那些愚蒙無知的人,閉口無言」(伯前2:13-15)!對於迫害基督徒的羅馬帝國,伯多祿只能無奈地用「愚蒙無知的人」,為他們的惡行開脫!小結:【新約】所說的「平安」,絕大部份是指內心的無憾和心安理得。

再進一步觀察,發現「平安」與「恩寵」,一同出現在【新約】的18節經文當中,佔總數超過四份之一。可見基督徒的平安,與天主的恩寵,有非常密切的聯繫!沒有天主的恩寵,人就沒有平安。這「恩寵」是甚麼呢?就是天人之間再沒有罪惡的隔閡。在起初,就是「原罪」令亞當與妻子躲藏起來,不敢與天主「趁晚涼散步」(創3:8)!原罪把天主與亞當阻隔了。有了恩寵,表示人的原罪、本罪都消失了,與天主沒有隔閡了。

首先,我們可以獲得天主的恩寵嗎?可以的!因為耶穌在最後晚餐時曾承諾說:「我把平安留給你們,我將我的平安賜給你們;我所賜給你們的,不像世界所賜的一樣。你們心裡不要煩亂,也不要膽怯」(若14:27)。這個承諾再次印證,基督徒的平安,不是指外在的安全和穩定。且看,自從在廣島投擲了第一枚原子彈後,世界「和平」便建立在美國和蘇聯之間的「同歸於盡Mutual Assured Destruction MAD」軍事戰略原則之上。在這種瘋狂(MAD)的軍事原則之下,核戰仍可能隨時爆發。世人只有心煩意亂生活在核戰的陰霾之下,何來「平安」可言呢?主耶穌卻在最後晚餐承諾,為我們爭取天父的恩寵,這是基督徒,以至全人類的希望之所在!慈悲的主在十字架上,為我們償還了所有罪債,銷除了天主與世人之間的隔閡。

其次,我們可以怎樣獲得天父的恩寵呢?耶穌開始公開宣講時已經說了:「你們悔改,信從福音罷」(谷1:15)。我們要做的,就是回頭改過,相信天主的慈悲。耶穌基督是真人真天主,是我們高不可攀的。但祂送給我們聖母瑪利亞作為母親(若19:27),她是一個充滿恩寵的人(路1:28),她是所有信徒可以學習的典範。在她身上,我們可以找到很多可以效法的德行:例如全心信靠、謙卑、服從、關心別人的需要等等。我們照樣做(10:37),便可以得到主耶穌所承諾的恩寵。而且作為聖母的子女(若19:26),她一定會為我們轉禱,幫助我們獲得所需要的恩寵。況且,主耶穌也鼓勵整個教會說:「你們小小的羊群,不要害怕!因為你們的父喜歡把天國賜給你們」(路12:32)。憑這句話,我們明白平安和恩寵絕非個人與天主的關係那麼簡單,而是涉及整個團體─小至一個家庭,大至全人類─與天主的關係。

團體對個人生存與發展的重要性,是非常明顯的。我們生活的世界,是一個凶險的世界,一個危機四伏的惡劣環境。倘若我們只顧自己個人的利益,只會單打獨鬥,各家自掃門前雪。不久我們會先後倒下,結果 整個家庭,整個單位,整隊軍隊,全軍覆沒,國破家亡。我們惟有守望相助、彼此扶持;分工合作、各展所長,纔能一起渡過難關,繼而繁榮興盛。因此,「建立團體」是所有組織和社群必須苦心經營的業務。

只要放眼觀察,一定會發現有些團體只是曇花一現,存在了一段時間便因為成員老化而解散了;有些卻好像長春樹一樣,不斷茁壯成長,甚至開枝散葉。分別在哪?前者的成員之間的關係緊密,以至新成員無法融入。沒有辦法挽留新血,就是致命傷!這是一個團體的「內憂」。「外患」就不用說了,敵強我弱,遲早會被強大的敵人吞併甚至消滅。一個團體的人數和成員的質素,決定了這個團體的強弱!當然,沒有招募新血的意識和行動,這個團體何來新成員呢?又怎能強大起來呢?

所以耶穌升天前,吩咐祂的宗徒們說:「去使萬民成為門徒,因父及子及聖神之名給他們授洗」(瑪28:19);「你們往普天下去,向一切受造物宣傳福音」(谷16:15);「當聖神降臨於你們身上時,你們將充滿聖神的德能,要在耶路撒冷及全猶太和撒瑪黎雅,並直到地極,為我作證人」(宗1:8);為甚麼要傳福音,勸人加入教會呢?因為這是耶穌的願望,就是今天福音所說的:「願眾人都合而為一」(若17:21)!在短短的8節經文中,一共出現了4次,可謂重中之重!是全人類合而為一,因為全人類都是「天主的肖像」(創1:26)。當眾人都在基督內合而為一的時候,何愁「敵強我弱」,被敵人合併呢?哪來外患呢?當眾人都合而為一的時候,何來「挽留新血」的問題呢?不全情投入福傳,這個「眾人合而為一」的願望,怎會實現呢?

親愛的兄弟姊妹!多一個靈魂信主,我們在世上便少一個敵人,多一點安寧。所以傳福音不是52個主日中的其中一個名為「傳教節」的事;不只是教會的事,更是全人類生死攸關,與天主修和的大事,人人有責。且讓我引述國父孫中山先生,一位信仰基督的革命家的遺言。他團結了眾人的努力,把中國從帝制解放出來,邁向更民主共和的制度,能夠在新時代繼續發展繁榮。他說:「現在福傳尚未成功,凡我同志,務須依照福音方略,貫徹到底,完成救世大業。是所至囑」。亞孟。
天主保祐!


2022年反省
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