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Saturday, 10 January 2009

Jesus also baptizes people

The three Synoptic gospels give us the impression that Jesus did not baptize. Mark quoted John the Baptist.
And he preached, saying, "After me comes he who is mightier than I, the thong of whose sandals I am not worthy to stoop down and untie.
I have baptized you with water; but he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit."
(Mark 1:7-8)
According to the witness of John the Baptist, Jesus was mightier than him. The Baptist baptized with water. But Jesus would baptized with the Holy Spirit. All Christians believe that what happened on the Pentecost was the fulfillment of this prophecy. Many of them would naturally think that Jesus baptized with the Holy Spirit only because the three Synoptic gospels do not mention Jesus baptizing anybody. The gospels paint a Jesus more superior than John. John was only a forerunner. He taught about repentance and baptized people with water. His baptism did not confer the Holy Spirit. He did not know anything about the Kingdom of God. He could not work any miracle. God did not raise John the Baptist from the dead etc. Fair enough. Since the Baptist was the forerunner of Jesus who was baptized by the Baptist, can we say that Christ was once a member of the Baptist movement and later, a Christ movement had branched out from the Baptist movement?
It is my impression that the three Synoptic gospels try to play down the role of the Baptist. Probably, the early Christians were struggling for survival against Jews, Baptists and other religious movements. The undeniable fact that Jesus was baptized by the Baptist might prove too embarrassing for the early Christians because they would just be a branch of the Baptist movement. In order to attain primacy over the Baptist movement, early Christians needed to demonstrate that Jesus was more superior than the Baptist even though he was baptized by the Baptist. Mark made Jesus' baptism his coronation, the inauguration of his ministry with the descent of the Holy Spirit when Jesus came out of the water (Mark 1:10). Matthew had the Baptist confessed that he himself should be baptized by Jesus and not vice versa (Matthew 3:14). Luke did not mention who baptized Jesus (Luke 3:21).
As I have discussed before, the Baptist movement died out and did not leave us any document. The Christ movement survives and leaves us with the Bible. Unless excavations come up with new findings, we can only know about the Baptist movement through the lens of Christians. I am not suggesting that Christians attempted to distort historical events. It is legitimate for them to report from their perspectives.
I further hypothesized that the author of the gospel of John had been a former member of the Baptist movement. Therefore, the gospel of John may provide us with a richer vision of this movement. For example, Jesus also baptized people with water like the Baptist did.
After this Jesus and his disciples went into the land of Judea; there he remained with them and baptized (John 3:22).
This took place after Jesus had discussed with Nicodemus about being reborn of water and of the Spirit in order to enter the Kingdom of God (John 3:5). Therefore, the beginning of the Christ movement was similar to, and of course far more superior, than the Baptist movement. Jesus recruited disciples through preaching and baptizing. What about the Baptist?
The gospel of John painted a Baptist who knew his time and his position well. He understood his mission thoroughly. When Christ came, his job was done. He should retire.
He who has the bride is the bridegroom; the friend of the bridegroom, who stands and hears him, rejoices greatly at the bridegroom's voice; therefore this joy of mine is now full.
He must increase, but I must decrease
(John 3:29-30).
The Baptist bore witness that Jesus was the bridegroom because the bride was his, not the Baptist's. The Baptist was only the friend of the bridegroom. Now that Christ had come, his mission was accomplished. His joy was full.
It is interesting to note that Mark also employs the bridegroom image in another context related to the disciples of the Baptist. Some Pharisees came to challenge Jesus, asking him why his disciples did not fast while those of the Baptist and the Pharisees did (Mark 2:18-20). Jesus answered by claiming the status of the bridegroom.
I hypothesize that this image came from the Baptist. When some of the followers of the Baptist switched to Jesus, they brought along with them this idea and the disciples of Jesus made use of this in defence of challenges from the Pharisaic Jews.
I love this statement of the Baptist: "He must increase, but I must decrease". He knew his position. He knew when to proceed, when to retreat. He was a wise man.

Dear Lord, I have been evading higher responsibilities. I am contented with my present situation. You uprooted me from La Salle and planted me in Shung Tak. Show me how I can serve You better. Amen.

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