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Thursday 8 January 2009

Jesus rejected in Nazareth

Today, we read the Lukan version of the story in which Jesus was rejected in the town he was brought up --- Nazareth (Luke 4:14-30). All three Synoptic gospels tell the same story but the contexts are totally different. Let's begin with Mark.
Mark places the story after Jesus had cured the bleeding woman and raised the daughter of Jairus, a ruler of the synagogue. Jesus brought his disciples along with him back to Nazareth. Here Mark demonstrates a sharp contrast between those who had faith in Jesus and those who did not. The faith of the bleeding woman was so strong that she was able to draw out Jesus' power to heal her disease whereas in Nazareth, Jesus was not able to work any miracle.
And he could do no mighty work there, except that he laid his hands upon a few sick people and healed them.
And he marveled because of their unbelief
(Mark 6:5-6).
After the failure in his own home town, Jesus went among the villages teaching and sent his 12 apostles to preach. Then Mark continues with the death of John the Baptist.
Matthew places the rejection of Jesus between a collection of parables of the kingdom of heaven and the death of John the Baptist. His story is nearly identical with that of Mark except that Jesus' disciples did not appear in Matthew. Therefore, Matthew has no intention to show the power of faith as Mark does.
Luke seems to be following a chronological order. Jesus returned to his home town after the three temptations. It seems that Jesus wanted to begin his mission at home. He had not yet called any disciples and therefore he was alone. On Sabbath in a synagogue, he read Isaiah 61 to proclaim his Messianic manifesto.
The reaction of the people was not bad.
And all spoke well of him, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth; and they said, "Is not this Joseph's son?" (Luke 4:22)
In the other two gospels, people called Jesus Mary's son. In Luke, where Mary occupies a prominent role in the nativity story in sharp contrast to Matthew, Jesus was unexpectedly called Joseph's son. Isn't is interesting?
Later, Luke amplifies the prophet idiom "no prophet is acceptable in his own country" into the stories of Elijah and Elisha (Luke 4:24-27). The people of Nazareth was offended and tried to throw Jesus down the hill (Luke 4:29). Wasn't the wrath of the people unreasonable? Or was it a literary device of Luke to convey the theme that Jesus was rejected from birth to death by his own people?

After his failure in Nazareth, he turned to Capernaum, exorcising a possessed man, entered Simon's house to cure his mother-in-law even before calling Simon to be a fisher of man.  Luke did not follow Mark's sequence of events. He has his own agenda. Indeed, every Evangelist has. Now, let's look at the Isaiah passage.
The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim release to the captives and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed,
to proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord
(Luke 4:18-19)
πνεῦμα κυρίου ἐπ' ἐμὲ οὗ εἵνεκεν ἔχρισέν με εὐαγγελίσασθαι πτωχοῖς, ἀπέσταλκέν με, κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν καὶ τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν, ἀποστεῖλαι τεθραυσμένους ἐν ἀφέσει, κηρύξαι ἐνιαυτὸν κυρίου δεκτόν. (Luke 4:18-19, GNT)
Πνεῦμα κυρίου ἐπ̓ ἐμέ, οὗ εἵνεκεν ἔχρισέν με, εὐαγγελίσασθαι πτωχοῖς ἀπέσταλκέν με, ἰάσασθαι τοὺς συντετριμμένους τῇ καρδίᾳ, κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν καὶ τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν, καλέσαι ἐνιαυτὸν κυρίου δεκτὸν καὶ ἡμέραν ἀνταποδόσεως, παρακαλέσαι πάντας τοὺς πενθοῦντας, (Isaiah 61:1-2, LXX).
οὐχὶ τοιαύτην νηστείαν ἐγὼ ἐξελεξάμην, λέγει κύριος, ἀλλὰ λῦε πάντα σύνδεσμον ἀδικίας, διάλυε στραγγαλιὰς βιαίων συναλλαγμάτων, ἀπόστελλε τεθραυσμένους ἐν ἀφέσει καὶ πᾶσαν συγγραφὴν ἄδικον διάσπα (Isaiah 58:6, LXX).
The red text in LXX did not appear in Luke. The orange one was a graft from Isaiah 58:6. Once again, it shows that New Testament authors relied on LXX when they quoted Hebrew scripture.
As followers of Christ, we should continue his mission to preach good news to the poor, to release captives, restore the sight of the blind and help people reconcile with each other and with God. Be prepared to be rejected like Jesus had been.

Dear Lord, we are unworthy servants. We have only done what is our duty (Luke 17:10). Be merciful. Let us share table with You in Your paradise. Amen.

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